Taiwan is a multi-group society in which Han people have always been the bulk of residents. Although indigenous peoples are the earliest dwellers, however, they are the most underprivileged minority in this society.The development of indigenous peoples has close relation with the development of Taiwan. How to do justice to the advantages of multi-group and to built a multiple but unit society is the core of the sustainable development of aborigine policies. Therefore, the Amendment of the Constitution:Paragraph 10, Article 12, rules that: “The country should protect the position and political participation of indigenous peoples based on their will, and should protect and help the development of the education, culture, traffic, utility, hygiene, medical care, economy, land, and social welfare of indigenous peoples.”Article 14 of Fundamental Law for Indigenous Peoples rules that: “The government should plan economical policy for indigenous peoples, guide and assist the use and protection of natural resources, and develop indigenous peoples’ economical industries based on the peoples’ will and the features of their environments and resources.”In 1996, the Executive Yuan officially established “Council of Indigenous Peoples” to coordinate and plan indigenous affairs as a whole, showing the government’s emphases on the social status and right of aborigines and on the spirits of tolerance and estimation and the government’s efforts to create a multiple, open, but unit society. Although the economical development has brought rising and flourishing industrial and commercial activities, however, it also has enlarged the gap of living standard between tribunal people and civic people and has forced tribunal aborigines to leave their hometown to earn a living in cities. According to the Survey of Occupational Statement of Indigenous People of Taiwan in 2005, 25.02% of the indigenous families in Taipei city had no income.In addition, 61.82% of the indigenous people had their monthly per capita income lower than NT$40,000. According to the Survey of Family Income Profile in Taipei City, the average monthly per capita income of Taipei citizens was NT$42,739, revealing that more than 86.84% of the indigenous people in Taipei City had monthly per capita income lower than the average monthly per capita income level of Taipei citizens. Indigenous peoples are instinctively openhearted, enthusiastic, hospitable, genuine, breezy, unsophisticated, kindly, and vital. They also have great potential for traditional skills and music arts. Because their personalities developed in gregarious societies and their unfamiliarity with modern currency, they still keep the concept of sharing everything and the preference for cooperatives. Even in the capital Taipei city, however, the educational degrees of indigenous applicants are lower than those of other applicants. They usually occupy low-position or low-income jobs, such as factory workers, construction workers, and service workers, or belong to industries in “subordinate labor market” or “informal employment department” without developing potential. Thus, indigenous people usually stay in the lower economical level and cannot enjoy the upward social mobility. In particular, since the introduction of foreign labors, the blue-collar job opportunities on which indigenous people depend have been reduced due to competition from foreign labors. Furthermore, what are advantages in their hometown usually become disadvantages in cities. For instance, entrenched concepts of cooperating and sharing often let them lack concept of savings and let them think that they don’t need to pay debts; Their nature of pursuing freedom makes them think little of norms in working place, and once they make enough money, they stop working. Even though they still have strong self-group consciousness, they usually addict to alcohol to unleash themselves and live within indigenous communities because of lacking sense of security and confidence under the pressure of living in cities. In the past, they rarely organized and operated themselves to seek profits, and thus they usually lack abilities in management and marketing needed in business operation. They even have insufficient ability to employ e-commerce and have yet had concept of added value so that they cannot get used to market mechanism and credit system. Besides, the high cost of starting an enterprise in Taipei city and the difficulty in joining the social networks of Han people all become the obstacles to improve indigenous people’s economical conditions in Taipei city. Therefore, to protect and assist aborigines in Taipei city to develop their economical business and to ensure their living qualities and economical conditions, we have to plan complete economical policies for indigenous people and combine appropriate legal sources to make sure that indigenous people can outleap the vicious circle of poor economical conditions and educational degrees. To actively assist relevant affairs of indigenous people in Taipei city, to legalize the execution of every policy assisting aborigines for developing economy, to integrate current administrative resources in Taipei city in order to expand richness and reaches of administration, and to improve the economical status of aborigines in Taipei city, this research proposes the economical development policy and drafts “Economic Development and Autonomy Articles for Indigenous Peoples of Taipei City and the regulations as the references for legislation. According to literatures about indigenous economy, the developmental situations and difficulties of indigenous people in Taipei city, indigenous policies in Taiwan, and foreign researches on indigenous policies, this research proposes three main policies: “ the development of indigenous business”, “the strengthening of occupational abilities of indigenous people”, and “ the advancing of cross-culture cognition and learning”. We expect that these policies can raise the sustainable rate and competitiveness of indigenous business, decrease the unemployment rate of indigenous people in Taipei city, recognize indigenous people’s advantages and characteristics, and establish their self-determined economical survival conditions so as to avoid weakening their competitiveness by being protected. These policies can also be the examples for other cities and counties. First, considering the development of indigenous business, we hope to assist aborigines to obtain orders from government procurement, help them to get capital assets, develop tourism of indigenous specialties, form indigenous business district, built systems to pass down indigenous business, and offer indigenous enterprises and business administration consulting in order to help the growth of indigenous companies, strengthen their business operation, and explore their marketing and channel effects.In addition, when considering the strengthening of occupational abilities of indigenous people, we hope to decrease their unemployment rate and mobility rate by strengthening their working abilities allowing them to adapt to the social working culture. The final objects are to increase their working stability and then to have stable economical lives.Finally, it has to be efficient than can achieve affectivity to implement a policy. Therefore, both of the government and the civic play important roles. In governmental level, a cross-department unit should be set up to take charge of coordinating and integrating resources to avoid dispersing efforts. In civic level, we have to focus on the characteristics of aborigines. By reconstructing their image, improving their savings habit, and honoring excellent indigenous businesses, we hope to release their lack of concept of fixed assets and inspire their motivation to follow the examples, and we also hope to allow the government and the civic to contribute to the development of in indigenous dvl
